Piece by Piece: Building Metacognition with Tangrams
Surabaya, Indonesia – At Surabaya European School, learning is designed to spark curiosity, encourage reflection, and empower students to think about how they learn. A wonderful example of this approach can be seen in Tangram-based activities, where students explore spatial perception while strengthening their metacognitive skills.
Much like solving a puzzle, Tangram learning is not just about getting the “right answer” – it is about trying strategies, reflecting on choices, and finding new ways to solve problems. This balance of play and reflection perfectly complements the International Primary Curriculum (IPC), which places metacognition at the heart of its learning goals.
What Are Tangrams?
Tangrams are an ancient Chinese puzzle consisting of seven geometric shapes that can be rearranged to form countless figures. While they may seem simple at first, Tangrams challenge students to visualise, problem-solve, and think creatively. At SES, these puzzles are used not only to reinforce mathematical concepts but also to nurture patience, resilience, and flexible thinking – skills that extend beyond the classroom.
Metacognition in Action
During Tangram sessions, students are encouraged to reflect on their thinking process. Teachers prompt them with questions such as: What strategy are you using? Could you try a different way? What did you learn from this attempt? By pausing to think about their thinking, students strengthen self-awareness and independence – key elements of IPC’s vision for active, reflective students.
Personal Learning Goals
Tangram activities support IPC’s personal learning goals by helping students develop resilience, adaptability, and enquiry skills. Students quickly realise that success is not always immediate; sometimes a piece does not fit, and persistence is required. This process encourages them to stay curious, experiment with solutions, and embrace mistakes as opportunities for growth.
Collaboration and Creativity
Although Tangram puzzles can be solved individually, at SES they also become opportunities for teamwork. Students share strategies, compare solutions, and learn from one another’s approaches. This collaborative spirit not only strengthens communication but also sparks creativity, as students invent new shapes and figures beyond the traditional puzzles.
International-Mindedness and Lifelong Skills
The IPC emphasises international-mindedness and real-world connections. With Tangrams, students experience how a puzzle from another culture can enhance their own learning journey. They also acquire lifelong skills: problem-solving, reflection, and creative thinking – abilities that will serve them well in school and beyond.
The Tangram sessions at Surabaya European School exemplify how mathematics, creativity, and metacognition can come together in a joyful and meaningful way. By embedding these activities within the principles of the International Primary Curriculum, SES ensures that students do more than solve puzzles – they build confidence, deepen understanding, and learn how to think about their thinking.
